The 10 Best Fashion Schools What Makes Them Great

The 10 Best Fashion Schools What Makes Them Great SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Thinking about entering the fashion industry? You’re in for a fun, challenging career path. If you want to be well-prepared to enter any area of fashion - whether it’s the design side or the business side - an education at a well-reputed school will definitely be helpful. Before getting into the list of bestfashion schools, I’ll talk a bit about why you might want to attend a fashion school and how I compiled these rankings. What Is a Fashion School? A fashion school offers degrees that are specialized for students who plan on pursuing a career in the fashion industry. They often offer several different majors or specializations. The most popular thing to do with a fashion degree is design, but there are many other careers you can pursue with a degree in this field, including: Fashion merchandising and fashion buying Fashion marketing and PR Fashion production and management Fashion journalism and publishing Advertising Fashion technology A great fashion program will provide hands-on experience in the classroom and the field, as well as plenty of opportunities for internships and jobs for both students and graduates. The Ranking System Ranking lists can be really great if you want to get a general idea of what schools are out there and whether they fit your interests and criteria. The problem with many lists is that there’s no standardized ranking process or criteria, and they’re not always transparent about the ranking process. Although this particular ranking list should also just be used as a starting point for your own college research, I want to be much more clear about the process I used to determine the best fashion schools. First, I started by searching for colleges and universities that have a dedicated fashion major for undergraduates. After that, I took these major criteria into account: General School Reputation - The fashion industry is incredibly competitive to break into (check out The Devil Wears Prada for a very tiny, very dramatized taste of what I mean). It’s important that undergraduate students have access to the resources that come with a school that’s well-regarded by the industry. As you’ll see when you go through the rankings list, many fashion icons have visited or even lectured these schools for educational classes and seminars - this is a sign that these schools are taken seriously by those in fashion. Strength of Related Graduate Programs - Although I only listed schools here with dedicated undergraduate programs in fashion, schools got points if they have well-respected graduate programs in fashion or other related design fields. Undergraduate students studying fashion tend to benefit from faculty and resources in these graduate departments. Alumni - When a school boasts many notable alumni, this signals a couple of important things: the program itself produces strong graduates, and the school’s alumni network is strong and well-connected. Successful alumni boost a school’s reputation and make it easier for you to find a job later on. Location - The best internship and job opportunities (as well as galleries and design studios) are going to be in big fashion capitals: places like NYC, Paris, Milan, London, and even Hong Kong. Many of the schools listed below are located in these cities or have satellite campuses or programs there. Schools got bonus points if they give students options to study in a variety of locations. The 10 Top Fashion Schools, Ranked Although I was clear about the criteria used to compile this list, you should use it primarily as a jumping-off point for your own research - not an ultimate guide to the quality of a school’s program. I encourage you to focus less on the strict order of rankings (which is pretty subjective to begin with) and more on the individual characteristics of each school. Let’s get into the good stuff - the list of bestfashion schools. #1 Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT), New York, NY FIT is perhaps the most famous school for those aspiring to enter the world of fashion. Its programs focus on preparing students for professional excellence in design and business. FIT offers an incredibly wide range of undergraduate degree programs, including Accessories Design, Fabric Styling, Fashion Business Management, and Jewelry Design. In total, the school offers 48 degree programs in fashion and other creative and business professions. The school apparently takes full advantage of its NYC location, taking students on frequent field trips to corporate headquarters, design studios, galleries, and museums. Finally, many alumni are particularly successful in the business side of fashion and act as VPs, presidents, and CEOs. Fashion degrees offered: BFA, BS Read more about the program Attending any fashion school in NY will come with some important advantages, including ease of access to the fashion industry. #2 Parsons The New School, New York, NY The New School takes a more focused approach to fashion, offering only a BFA in fashion design for fashion-minded undergraduates. There are many others strong programs offered through the school, however - The New School is a well-respected school in all sorts of design fields, including Fine Arts and Interior Design. The fashion design program is housed in Parson’s School of Fashion, which has some strong fashion Master’s programs. Students complete a senior thesis as a capstone to their studies, which is great for developing a portfolio. Students can take advantage of the many professional opportunities available in NYC, especially with the school’s list of notable alumni (including Isaac Mizrahi and Donna Karan). Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program #3 Pratt Institute, New York, NY It’s no surprise that the top three schools on this list are located in NYC. Fashion design students at the Pratt Institute have access to some great resources, in part due to the school’s location - for one, guest lecturers from all areas of the industry often give talks and seminars. Students here also end up with some great internships (at companies like Rag Bone, for example). The school also has strong design programs in other areas, including industrial and interior design. All students seem to benefit from strong career support from Pratt’s Center for Career and Professional Development, which presented more than 80 programs last year on topics such as career prep and innovation. Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program #4 Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, GA SCAD, which offers a BFA in fashion design (in addition to an MA and MFA), is a very well-reputed, high-ranked design school with many other strong design programs. The school prides itself in staying on top of the latest design technology, which may be why it’s so successful at attracting top names in fashion for guest lectures, panel discussions, and student critiques. Some of these past fashion experts include Karl Lagerfeld, Tom Ford, Diane von Furstenberg, and Vera Wang. It’s no surprise that SCAD hosts one of the top student fashion shows in the country to showcase student work. You may not think of Savannah as a fashion capital, but you don’t have to. Fashion design students Students have the opportunity to study in Atlanta and Hong Kong. Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program #5 Kent State University, Kent, OH Kent State has a few more options for students who are interested in the business side of the fashion industry - you can choose from a BA or BFA in Fashion Design or a BS in Fashion Merchandising. One unique option is a combined BS/MBA program in Fashion Merchandising. The school has its own satellite campus in NYC, which is definitely important considering that Kent, OH isn’t exactly a fashion capital. About 45 students a year head off to Florence, Italy to study at the school’s Palazzo campus. Kent State also has a partnership with The Paris Academy in Paris, France - overall, students seem to have lots of options when it comes to off-campus experiences. Finally, the school claims that their placement rate in the fashion industry for graduates of the Fashion School is over 90%. Fashion degrees offered: BA, BFA, BS/MBA Read more about the program If you’re more interested in merchandising than design, you may want to check out Kent State. #6 Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA Drexel, which offers a bachelor’s in fashion design, prepares students for careers in design, styling, advertising, and computer-aided and technical design. The school encourages hands-on experiences in the industry by requiring students to submit designs to national and international competitions. Drexel has a couple of interesting programs for fashion-minded students. First, there’s a unique six month â€Å"co-op† program - an extended internship of sorts - where students work at different companies around the country to develop their skills. Second, there’s a study abroad program at the College of London. There are many complementary undergraduate programs, including Design Merchandising and Entertainment Art. Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program #7 Otis College of Art and Design, Los Angeles, CA Otis is an interesting option for fashion-minded students for a few reasons. First, fashion design students have the option to choose a Costume Design emphasis track within their major - a unique program of study that I haven’t seen at any of these other schools. Students have the opportunity to work in teams through junior and senior year to create unique designs, which is a great experience for when you transition to working in the actual industry. The school is also committed to sustainability in fashion - students can opt for a minor in sustainability if it’s something they’re particularly interested in. Current designers serve as mentors for fashion students, and recent upperclassmen mentor companies include places like Anthropologie, Nike, BCBG, Roxy, and more. The school has a lot of successful alumni living and working in NYC. Although LA isn’t quite the fashion capital that NY is, there are still quite a few designers based in the city whoare known for their trendy and unique work. Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program LA offers a great mix of â€Å"high fashion† and more casual, trendy design. #8 Rhode Island School of Design (RISD), Providence, RI RISD is a very well-known and well-respected art and design institution for both undergraduate and graduate students. Undergrads here have the option to get a BFA in â€Å"Apparel Design.† The apparel design program emphasizes (perhaps a bit more than other top programs) the development of advanced technical skills like superior design sketching, pattern cutting, and 3D draping. The school requires students to participate in internships and competitive opportunities, which thrusts you into the fashion industry fairly early on. The program’s senior thesis project is described as a â€Å"unified body of work that expresses personal design sensibility and showcases professional-grade conceptual and technical skills.† Students regularly visit NYC’s fashion district, which is fairly close. Providence itself may not seem like a fashion capital, but it has a very high number of artists per capita. It’s small but concentrated! Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program #9 Columbus College of Art and Design, Columbus, OH Students here who choose to pursue a BFA in Fashion Design go on to do any number of things in the fashion industry, including working as fashion forecasters and costume designers. The school also offers an MFA in fashion design. Columbus has six large studios open to student access in addition to other labs (for example, a dye lab and pattern/draping lab). Notable alumni include people like Bruno Grizzo (who worked for Calvin Klein and Lanvin) and Genoveva Christoff (who has her own successful company). Fashion degrees offered: BFA Read more about the program #10Iowa State University, Ames, IA Fashion students here get a degree in Apparel, Merchandising, and Design, which is a bit broader than some of the options at other top fashion schools. A broad degree means broad career opportunities, including things like public relations director or fashion journalism. The school offers some impressive high-tech equipment, like a 3-D body scanner and industrial digital printer. Special classes help students find and research internships in the field. Fashion degrees offered: BS Read more about the program How to Choose the Right Fashion School for You Although there are fewer fashion program choices out there than say, liberal BA program choices, you still have to sift through a lot of information to pick a school that's right for you. Hopefully, this list of schools has given you a good place to start - but there are other things to keep in mind before committing to a particular school. There are few more things to consider here than when you’re deciding what to wear to that party tonight. Decide Betweenan Arts-Focused School anda More Traditional College Most of the schools listed here are dedicated solely to fashion or a combination of fashion, design, and arts. This may be great for you if you’re not interested in a liberal arts education or fulfilling general education requirements. If you’re looking for a more â€Å"traditional† college experience, however, you may want to look into liberal arts colleges that may not be 100% dedicated to arts, design, and fashion, but still offer great fashion programs for undergrads. Choose a School That Offers a Degree You Want Many of the schools on the above list focus on fashion design. If you’re sure that you’re interested in the design side of fashion, then this sort of program is a good fit. There are so many other options, though, especially at powerhouses like FIT. There’s much more to the fashion industry than design, so make sure to check out other programs and majors before making a decision. Consider Whether You Want a Flexible or Focused Program Some of the programs above offer plenty of room for students to explore their artistic and design interests, and boast dozens of degree options and specializations. Others are more focused and narrow, and may be good fits for students who already know what interests they want to pursue. Spend some time exploring the programs' websites to get a better feel for your options. Finda Program With Portfolio Requirements That You'll Be Able to Meet You'll have to submit a portfolio as part of the application process for the schools listed above. Some of these portfolio requirements may seem reasonable, whereas others might be tough to meet. Explore each program's portfolio requirements well ahead of any application deadlines. Think About the School More Generally Granted, many of the schools on this list are design- or arts-focused, but your college experience will depend on more than just what you’ll experience through your program. Other, more practical student life concerns will definitely affect how happy you may be at a particular school. What do you think of the student housing options? The dining plans? The student groups on campus? The general location? Once you consider all these factors, you'll be better able to choose a fashion program that's right for you. The better the fit, the more successful you're likely to be in school and your career. What’s Next? Choosing where you’ll end up for college is a stressful decision for many students. Read more about if it matters, and why the college you select may impact your future. Once you have an idea of where you’d like to end up, boost your chances of success by learning about how to get into your top choice schools. When you have several options to choose from, read about how to choose which college to actually attend. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Top 10 Beginning French Mistakes

Top 10 Beginning French Mistakes When you start learning French, theres a lot to remember - new vocabulary, all kinds of verb conjugations, strange spelling. Just about everything is different. Its normal to make mistakes, but its in your best interest to try to fix them as soon as possible. The longer you make the same mistake, the harder it will be for you to get it right later on. With this in mind, this article discusses the most common French mistakes made by beginners, so that you can fix these problems right from the beginning. French Mistake 1 - Gender In French, all nouns have a gender, either masculine or feminine. This can be a difficult concept for English speakers, but its non-negotiable. You need to learn vocabulary with either a definite or indefinite article, so that you learn the gender of each word with the word itself. Getting the gender of a word wrong can lead to confusion at best and a completely different meaning at worst, since some words have different meanings depending on their gender.Introduction to French nouns | Gender by word ending | Dual-gender nouns | Articles French Mistake 2 - Accents French accents indicate the correct pronunciation of a word, and are required, not optional. Therefore, you need to make an effort to learn what they mean, which words they are found in, and how to type them. Study my accents lesson so that you know what each accent indicates. (Note in particular that à § never precedes e or i). Then look at my typing French accents page to choose between the various methods to type them on your computer.Introduction to accents | Typing French accents French Mistake 3 - To Be Although the literal French equivalent of to be is à ªtre, there are numerous French expressions that use the verb avoir (to have) instead, such as avoir faim - to be hungry, and some that use faire (to do, make), like faire beau - to be nice weather. Take the time to memorize and practice these expressions so that you get them right, right from the beginning.Introduction to avoir, à ªtre, faire | Expressions with avoir | Expressions with faire | Quiz:  avoir,  Ãƒ ªtre, or faire? French Mistake 4 - Contractions In French, contractions are required. Whenever a short word like je, me, te, le, la, or ne is followed by a word that begins with a vowel or H muet, the short word drops the final vowel, adds an apostrophe, and attaches itself to the following word. This is not optional, as it is in English - French contractions are required. Thus, you should never say je aime or le ami - it is always jaime and lami. Contractions never occur in front of a consonant in French (except H muet).French contractions French Mistake 5 - H The French H comes in two varieties: aspirà © and muet. Although they sound the same (that is, they are both silent), there is an important difference: one acts like a consonant and the other acts like a vowel. The H aspirà © (aspirated H) acts like a consonant, meaning that it does not allow contractions or liaisons. The H muet (mute H), on the the other hand, is just the opposite: it requires contractions and liaisons. Making vocabulary lists with a definite article will help you remember which H is which, such as le homard (H aspirà ©) vs lhomme (H muet). H muet | H aspirà © | Liaisons French Mistake 6 - Que Que, or that, is required in French sentences with a subordinate clause. That is, in any sentence that has one subject introducing another,  que  must join the two clauses. This  que  is known as a conjunction.The trouble is that in English this conjunction is sometimes optional. For example,  Je sais que tu es intelligent  can be translated as I know that youre intelligent, or simply I know youre intelligent. Another example:  Il pense que jaime les chiens  - He thinks (that) I like dogs.What is a clause?  |  Conjunctions French Mistake 7 -Auxiliary verbs The French past tense,  le passà © composà ©, is conjugated with an auxiliary verb, either  avoir  or  Ãƒ ªtre. This shouldnt be too difficult, as the verbs which take  Ãƒ ªtre  include reflexive verbs and a short list of non-reflexive ones. Take the time to memorize the list of  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs, and then your auxiliary verb problems will be solved.Être verbs  |  Reflexive verbs  |  Passà © composà ©Ã‚  |  Compound tenses  |  Quiz:  avoir  or  Ãƒ ªtre? French Mistake 8 - Tu and vous French has two words for you, and the difference between them is pretty distinct.  Vous  is plural - if there is more than one of anything, always use  vous. Aside from that, the difference has to do with closeness and friendliness versus distance and respect. Read my  tu  vs  vous  lesson for a detailed description and numerous examples.Introduction to subject pronouns  |  Lesson:  tu  vs  vous  |  Quiz:  tu  or  vous? French Mistake 9 - Capitalization Capitalization is much less common in French than in English. The first person singular subject pronoun (je), days of the week, months of the year, and languages are  not  capitalized in French. See the lesson for a few other common categories of French terms which are capitalized in English but not in French.French capitalization  |  Calendar vocabulary  |  Languages in French French Mistake 10 - Cettes Cette  is the singular feminine form of the demonstrative adjective  ce  (ce garà §on  - this boy,  cette fille  - this girl) and beginners often make the mistake of using cettes as the plural feminine, but in fact this word does not exist.  Ces  is the plural for both masculine and feminine:  ces garà §ons  - these boys,  ces filles  - these girls.French demonstrative adjectives  |  Agreement of adjectivesIntermediate French Mistakes 1 - 5 | Intermediate French Mistakes 6 - 10High-Intermediate French Mistakes 1 - 5 | High-Intermediate French Mistakes 6 - 10Advanced French Mistakes 1 - 5 | Advanced French Mistakes 6 - 10

Strategic Corporate Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic Corporate Finance - Essay Example An investor must be paid some price for this sacrifice (Brigham & Weston, 2009). So the future value of the dollar-assuming a positive rate of interest-will always be higher than its present value. Another reason for interest being charged on capital is that capital is one of the factors of production that can give access to men, materials and machinery, help automate and speed up processes and productivity in a short time and this is why the demand for capital attracts a price called the interest rate (Rao, 2011). Why is it Important for Financial Managers to Understand the Concept of Time Value of Money? Finance is the lifeblood of business and industry. Everything from running the day to day operations of an enterprise to meeting financial needs for future plans requires money. In fact investing surplus funds to get the best possible returns as well as keeping sufficient liquidity in the asset and liability mix is a key function of financial managers. They look at both present and future plans of the business and consider how to achieve these in the light of financial requirements (Crosson & Needles, 2008). This is why an understanding of the time value of money is of key importance to financial managers. They can match the funding and investment portfolios of the enterprise to get the best returns (Mathur, 1979). Calculations of the Future Value: a. $54,298 if invested for five years at a 7% interest rate FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 52948(1 + 0.07)5 FV= 52948(1.07)5 FV= 52948 x 1.225 FV = $ 64,861. b. $99,112 if invested for three years at a 4% interest rate FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 99112(1 + 0.04)3 FV= 99112(1.04)3 FV= 99112 x 1.125 FV = $ 111,501. c. $121,124 if invested for seven years at an 2% interest rate FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 121124(1 + 0.02)7 FV= 112124(1.02)7 FV= 112124 x 1.149 FV = $128,830. d. $929,129 if invested for ten years with a 0.9% interest rate FV= PV (1 + r)t FV= 929129(1 + 0.009)10 FV= 929129(1.009)10 FV= 929129 x 1.09373 FV = $1,016,216. Calculation s of the Present Value: a. $455,126 to be received three years from now with a 4% Interest rate PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 455126/(1 + 0.04)3 PV= 455126/(1.04)3 PV= 455126 x 0.889 PV = $404,607. b. $289,231 to be received five years from now with a 5% interest rate PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 289231/(1 + 0.05)5 PV= 289231/(1.05)5 PV= 289231 x 0.864 PV = $249,896. c. $921,000 to received two years from now with a 12% interest rate PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 921000/(1 + 0.12)2 PV= 921000/(1.12)2 PV= 921000 x 0.797 PV = $734,037. d. $278,111 to be received eight years from now with a 1% interest rate. PV= FV/(1 + r)t PV= 278111/(1 + 0.01)8 PV= 278111/(1.01)8 PV= 278111 x 0.923 PV = $256,696. Suppose you are to receive a stream of annual payments (also called an "annuity") of $309,723 every year for three years starting this year. The interest rate is 4%. What is the present value of these three payments? PV of Annuity= PVA= A(PVFA)i,n PVA=309723(PVFA).04,3 PVA=309723 x 2.775 PVA=$859,481.32 Suppose you are to receive a payment of $239,201 every year for three years. You are depositing these payments in a bank account that pays 2% interest. Given these three payments and this interest rate, how much will be in your bank account in three years? FV of Annuity= FVAn=A(FVFA)i,n FVA=239201(FVFA).02,3 FVA=239201 x 3.060 FVA=$731,955. Evaluation of Module 2 Case Assignment The Module 2 case assignment gave me an opportunity to learn about the time value of

The Profession of Arms Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Profession of Arms - Research Paper Example This work employs the ethical processing model to examine the ethical issues facing the modern US military after a decade in persistent wars. In this regard, this paper critically evaluates some three fundamental aspects of the contemporary US military: professionalism, culture, and ethics in the US military. In the analysis, it compares military professionalism with civil professionalism, points out the differences, justify military actions, and points to the direction military professionalism should take. Military culture is also discussed in lengths in addition to being compared with military climate. In evaluating ethics, this paper illustrates possible platforms and avenues of achieving virtues behaviors among individual soldiers in the US military. Finally, this work comes up with a compelling conclusion in which dialogue in light of the discussion presented in this paper is pointed to as solution to ethical issues facing the US military. This paper builds a convincing professi on of arms in the US after a decade in war. INTRODUCTION After close to a decade in war, the performance of soldiers and leaders in the United States Army has continued to be magnificent. While some critical skills have eroded along the way, the US Army is different from what it was in 2001, and continues to be an Army in transition—learning, always seeking to meet the needs of the American People. As a profession—a profession of arms—it is appropriate for the army to examine itself particularly at these times of transition to ensure that that it appreciates and lives up to the principles that define a profession. This can be achieved by understanding three critical ethical issues; what it implies for the army to be a profession of arms; the meaning of an individual being a professional soldier; and an examination of how individual professionals and the army as a profession is working to meet these aspirations after a decade in war (Casey, 2009). THE ARMY AS A P ROFESSION After years of study and practice, the military, like any other profession, should be able to produce uniquely expert work—away from routine or a repetition. In exercise of military professionalism, the military, just like the sick need a cure from the medics, should be able to provide security to the defenseless. In so doing, effectiveness, rather than pure efficacy, should be the defining factor. In this light, one of the ethical issues that face the US military is the continuous development of expertise and the subsequent utilization of that expertise in the best interest of the society only. The security that the American society cannot provide for itself, and without which it cannot survive, the military should provide. In so doing however, the military should employ its expertise only in accordance to the values held by the Nation (Dempsey, 2010). One of the factors that underline the existence of the army is the applications of lethal force. Unlike other prof essions, the weapons and operations of a soldier are lethal, and individual soldiers must be ready to kill and die in response to the needs of a republic. However, the US Army aspect of professionalism has waned over the years, depicting itself more as an occupation than a profession (Casey, 2009). In particular, the US military has gone professional during expansion and later phases of war while it turns ‘occupational’ during contraction and after wars. A good illustration to this aspect is the post-World War 2 in Korea and post-Vietnam. The coming to being of an all-volunteer force in 1971 and the subsequent rebuilding of the Army NCO Corps Post-Vietnam did not end this trend. This was followed by more professionalism during Desert Storm and more of managerial aspects over the next decade. Today, after close to a decade in war, the US army exhibits more traits of a professional outfit as opposed to the institutional side of the army. However, in the contemporary globa l era of persistent conflict, the professional

Looking Glass Self Essay Example for Free

Looking Glass Self Essay In the most basic terms the Looking Glass self is your self image which is formed by the views others hold of you. These views the people around you have can have either a positive or negative effect on your self imagine. First we picture how our personality and appearance will come off to others, and then we think about how they will judge our personality and appearance. As people around us pass judgment on who we are this is when our self-concept develops, basically who we think we are and how we feel about ourselves as a whole. These judgments’ can have a powerful effect on ones beliefs and feelings about themselves. I’ve felt and been effected by the beliefs another person has about me. When I was in the 8th grade I thought I was a wonderful student, smart, well behaved. I felt as though my teachers all thought the same way. Then one day my homeroom teacher called me stupid for missing a homework assignment. To be called out in front of the class like that was horrifying. Though that wasn’t the only time an incidence like that occurred. In the 9th grade I struggled with math. I did poorly on tests, I already lacked confidence in the subject and it took one day with a substitute teacher to shatter it completely. I will never forget the words she said to me â€Å"Why can’t you finish the test? Are you stupid? † As child of any age, those words are damaging to the way you feel about yourself, and the way you think others perceive you. â€Å"Tell a child he’s stupid enough times and eventually hell start believing you, claims Benj Vardigan, with the Behavioral Institute. When a child makes mistakes or doesn’t understand a concept, his knee-jerk reaction may be to conclude that he’s stupid. Take that one step further and watch a child stop trying to understand or stop trying to learn a concept because he automatically assumes he can’t figure it out. † (Hatter) In A Class Divided on of the first examples of looking glass self that I picked up on was when the children came back in from recess after fighting. Mrs. Elliot asks â€Å"What’s wrong with being called brown eyes? † and a little  boy, Roy, says â€Å"It means we’re stupider and – well, not that†¦Ã¢â‚¬  It’s immediate how the effect of this experiment took hold. These children took to heart what their teacher, Mrs. Elliot had said, that brown eyed children are less than blue eyed children, they aren’t as smart or as well behaved. In the first day of the lesson the effects on their peers perception of them had caused so much turmoil that it caused one child to hit another, clearly the negative aspect of looking glass. In the Teaching Adults section, Mrs. Elliott describes how she gave tests before during and after the lesson on discrimination. Telling the audience that the student test scores raise on the day they are on top, scores drop when they are on the bottom and after the experiment the children’s testing scores maintain a higher level. She attributed this to the children discovering how good they are. I believe instilling a positive self-imagine in a child is one of the most important things a parent, or teacher can do. â€Å"Whether self-concept is positive or negative can influence important areas of a childs development and achievement. Educators have recognized that there is a link between self-concept and performance in school. Students with a strong self-concept tend to have good grades and take an active role in school. They are able to accept challenges and enjoy new learning experiences. Students with a negative self-concept tend to have both attitude and behavior problems. They may be unwilling to try new things, because they believe they will fail anyway, or they may not work up to their potential. Some educators feel that a positive self-concept is so important that children need to be taught to like themselves before they are taught academic skills such as reading, writing, and mathematics. † (Myers-Walls and Hinkley)

My Super Sweet Sixteen :: Sweet 16 consumption Society Essays

My Super Sweet Sixteen â€Å"But mom, this dress is only seven thousand, three hundred and fifty dollars! It’s Louis Vutton, you know that’s a great deal.† In the long run, Sophie ended up with the wallet-denting designer outfit and didn’t even have to lift a finger. Instead of purchasing the Louis Vutton gown, her family decided upon the nine thousand dollar Chanel outfit! After cussing out the body guards for letting the â€Å"social rejects† in, her celebration had merely begun! She had pulled up to the most popular night club in the city (her family managed to rent for the night) in a Cinderella carriage for an unforgettable entrance. According to her, people would be talking about this party for the rest of their lives. Her get-together, complete with bouncers, go-go dancers, announcers, magicians, hip-hop dancers, and caterers running frantically in and out of the crowd, pleasing her every need seemed extraordinarily unrealistic. Remarkably, the only time we heard from Sophie was during her ridiculous tantrums, complete with excessive whining about everything that went amiss. Neither recognition nor thanks had been directed to her parents the entire night! In fact, her whole demeanor conveyed entitlement. â€Å"My Super Sweet Sixteen† is a new hit series highlighting various teenagers on their super sweet sixteenth birthdays. Unbelievably, these families were spending hundreds of thousands of dollars toward these astonishing celebrations. It was quite amusing, yet somewhat disturbing watching today’s youth lavishing in their conspicuous consumption. After some serious consideration, I realized that this alluring lifestyle, though appealing, was shallow, degrading, and a disgrace to society as a whole. Upon further self-reflection, I had to admit that I myself have been enticed by these materialistic desires. Yet, these extravagances were far more detrimental than desirable. I experienced an epiphany, at that very moment. Where was our appreciation? Where was our gratitude? Our graciousness had disappeared, replaced instead by indulgence, greed, and selfishness. The lack of appreciation and thankfulness is appalling! Nowadays, it seems that society hands everything to our youth without question.

Unit 3: Supporting Children Level 3

CACHE Level 3 Certificate and Level 3 Diploma in Child Care and Education. Unit 3: Supporting Children Dressing Appropraitely- To be a good role model for young children in a school setting, i think it's very important to dress appropriately. When i'm at my placement i wear my college T-shirt to make it clear to staff and parents that i'm not a member of staff and that i am only a student. It is very important that parents know that i am only a student, as they will know not to tell me any information or details that could put me in a uncomfortable situation.I always make sure your hair is tied up to prevent any accidents that may happen, you should also make sure your make-up looks natural as you will look more friendly to the children and it will show you respect the schools rules. Dressing appropriately makes you more approachable to the children than someone with lots of make-up on. Using Positive Language – It is very important to use good and positive language around you ng children. while children are young they can copy most things you say to them so you need them to be copying positive language. sing good and positive language around children can teach them about good manners, you teach good language through communicating with the children, by having conversations and doing different activities with them. While i'm on my placement i am always hearing the children say something i had said to them earlier on, this made me realise how quickly they pick up on things you say to them. I now know to keep using good and positive language to and around the children to encourage them to do the same. Being Helpful – Being helpful is a great way to be a good role model. Relevant materials: Cache Level 3, Childcare Unit 1 AssignmentWhen i'm on my placement i am always asking my supervisors if i can help out with anything around the classroom. If there is ever a time that i have nothing to do or i'm not sure what i'm meant to be doing i always ask if i can join in with the activities that they are doing. I think joining in with activities that the children are doing is a great way to build positive relationships with them and they know that you enjoy being abit silly with them. When all the children have finished playing with the toys they have got out i always encourage them to tidy it up and put it back where they found it. ncouraging children will teach them that they always need to tidy up after themselves and tidy away the toys that they have been playing with. You should always show then children when and how to tidy up. All this can help them progress their hygiene skills. Being Organised – While i'm on my placement i try to be as organi sed as i can be. I always make sure that i'm wearing my placement T-shirt and i have always got my folder. It's very important to encourage children to be organised themselves, you can do this by getting them used to their classroom routines which will help them be more independant.Helping the children to tidy up after themselves can also get them organised, as soon as they learn that they should always clear up after themselves the children will keep on doing it. Always remind the children what they should be doing, for example at home time they need to remember all the things they need to take home with them. Repeating the things they need to take home will help them remember and will stick in their mind this should make things alot easier. Appropriate behaviour – The most important thing to being a good role model is to always behave appropriately around children.When working in a primary school we can behave appropriately by talking to them on their level and not talking down to them. We should also let them know what sort of behaviour is expected of them while they are in our class and make them aware of the concequences of mis-behaving. If they are upset or hurt we should sit them down and talk to them being sympathetic about what has happened. If there is someone in the class being disruptive or not listening we should try to get them more involved in the activities we are doing to help keep them busy.

The Military- Industrial Complex

In the farewell speech of Dwight D. Eisenhower to the U. S. citizens, the president urged the nation on ‘the dangers of allowing a Military- Industrial Complex to take control of the United States’ (Lovik, par. 1). The Military-Industrial Complex is used to denote the symbiotic relationship that is present between politics, a nation’s military and the economy. The idea behind this relationship is that the nation will continue to invest a lot of its economy into contracts of the military (Lovik, par. 1-3). There is no doubt that the military- industrial complex has raised controversies in America. The Military-Industrial Complex CreationFrom its definition, this concept indicates that there is a healthy relationship between the companies that are specialized in producing equipments and weapons for war and the parties given the mandate to manage the wars. In other terms, this is referred to as ‘War for profits’, which can be tracked from the days where navy ships power and the arms races ruled the empires. The arms races that existed between Spain, Britain’s and France’s European powers were seen as a primal version of the current situations. It came up from the idea that all countries had to establish and build up a strong military which would be considered to be in power.(Military Complex, par. 1-3). Ike was very instrumental in discouraging the U. S. citizens from the military industrial complex. He stated that public policy would become a scientific-technological elite captive. This was because of the immense costs that were involved, as the government was in a contract. Consequently, the contract becomes almost a substitute for intellectual curiosity (Watts). Conclusion There is no doubt that the military- industrial complex is something which evoked great controversy in the US. Up to date, there is so much criticism associated with it. Significance of the four termsWinston Churchill is well known for leading Gr eat Britain in World War Two. After joining several political parties, Winston was elected as MP for Northwest Manchester and later Dundee between 1910 and 1922(History Learning Site, par. 1-4). It is at this period that he made a remarkable change in parliament, as he came up with the labor exchanges. He also advocated for modernization as far as war was concerned, as he supported the use of planes in combat. Additionally, he urged the government to be pro-active about Hitler and the Nazis. He completely refused to accept defeat or refusal, something that made him get honor.Due to his well played role in the war, he won a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953 (History Learning Site, par. 12-17). Nagasaki was a secluded village which only received its recognition in 1542. It became the only harbor where foreign ships were let in. In 1859, Nagasaki was declared a free port, and modernization began in the area, as it had an economic dominance. The main industry in the area was ship- buil ding, which was very important because most of the ships that were used by the Japanese Navy during the war were built in its docks and factories.However, the city was rebuilt after the destruction of the war, and up to date, it is still the first and peaceful port city with a rich shipping industry (Japanese Lifestyle, par. 7-9). Russia and the Western Allies always had differences on the rebuilding of Germany, as a result of the tension that was present between them. As a result, Russia chocked off the Western Allies from getting their supplies. The Berlin Airlift was introduced by Commander Sir Brian Robertson from Britain, and it proved to be a solution to the situation. It was also referred to as Operation warfare, and included a huge cooperative effort between several nations.The Berlin Airlift was successful as several supplies, plus tons of foods were moved over to the Western Allies during the blockade period (Wise Geek, par. 2). The ‘Hollywood Ten’ is a short film which was produced as a result of the government being blinded by fear. It is of a great historical importance to America, and resulted from the real life story of ten Hollywood men in the film industry. They were accused of being involved in pro-communist activities, and were charged to a one year prison term. Their story was filmed to show their unsuccessful fight against the blinded leadership system (Mendoza, par.2). Works Cited History Learning Site. Winston Churchill. History learning Site, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Japanese Lifestyle. Nagasaki History. Japanese lifestyle, 2 Mar, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Lovik John. The World of Military Industrial Complex. Political Suite, 10 Sep, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Mendoza Luis. Sad Testimony of an Era. IMDB, 21 Aug, 2006. Web.6 Jun, 2010. Military Industrial Complex. What is Military –Industrial Complex, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Wisegeek. What was the Berlin Airlift, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Watts Antony. Ike’s Seco nd Warning, Hint: It is not the â€Å"Military Industrial Complex†, Watts Up With that, 21 Feb, 2009. Web. 6 Jun, 2010,

Pricing The Sneaker Pricing Wars (Adidas

Pricing The Sneaker Pricing Wars (Adidas Introduction Price is a very essential aspect in every business as it is the fundamental determinant of the profit to be achieved after the sale of a commodity or service and therefore influences the success or failure level of the business. Pricing is the process of determining the cost of a product or a service so as to identify what a business will obtain in exchange of its products or services.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pricing: The Sneaker Pricing Wars (Adidas-Nike) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is one of the components of the marketing mix, the other ones being; product, place, and promotion. The factors associated with pricing are; the production cost, competition, the market place and condition, and also the quality of the product or service. Value of the product towards the customers should also be considered in determining a price to ensure that the customers pay what is equivalent to t he value gained (Pratt, n.d). Pricing Strategy According to Phillips (2005), pricing strategy is a logical choice from a list of alternative prices that seeks to maximize profit within a specific period of time under a certain situation. There are various approaches that can be adopted by companies or businesses in pricing their goods and services and there is no single model identified for the purpose of pricing. However, every pricing strategy should seek to maintain fairness and integrity throughout the pricing process. Here is a guideline on how a company may undertake its pricing process. The company or business should undertake a marketing strategy which involves carrying out a marketing analysis, segmentation, targeting, and positioning of the product in relation to its quality and that of other products in the market. Decision on the market mix is then made where the definition of the product or service is done, and distribution and promotion strategies identified. The other step involves analyzing the demand curve as pricing is directly affected by the prices of the particular products. Calculation of cost is also crucial and the company should put into consideration all costs associated with the product, the fixed and variable costs, so as to make sure that profitability is achieved. The surroundings factors like competition and legal conditions should be considered too. In pricing the product, a business should assess the influence of its pricing towards the pricing of competitors. The price should be in line with that of competitors to avoid unhealthy competition and should also adhere to price control aspects of the government. The business should also establish pricing objectives so as to come up with the most favorable price of the product.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The objectives may touch on aspects like maximi zation of profits, revenue, quantity and quality of the product among others. It is after consideration of all the above that that the price is agreed upon. Classification of Pricing Strategies Pricing strategies can broadly be categorized according to the business objectives and consumer distinctiveness. On the basis of business objectives, there is differential pricing which entails selling a product at different prices to different consumers, competitive pricing where prices set aims at exploiting the competitive position and product line pricing that involves selling related products at prices that maximize reciprocated dependency. In regard to the characteristics of the customers, their uniqueness is identified and pricing based on it. There are those customers that are ignorant of where they can locate the products they require and may buy from any place to avoid wastage of time in tracing the best suppliers at affordable prices. Some consumers are however very sensitive on co st issues and would rather take a lot of time looking for a business that offer the product at the lowest price than buying the commodity at a convenient place but at a higher cost. The last categories of consumers consist of consumers that may incur extra costs and risks for example transportation cost and investment costs (Phillips, 2005). Methods Used In Pricing Different businesses adopt different pricing methods depending on the particular situations and the expected or desired results. The common pricing methods are; psychological pricing which aims at evoking a customer’s emotional rather than rational decision on buying a product by setting the price just a little bit lower than those of competitors for example a shoe worth 20 dollars may be priced at 19.99 dollars. P rice skimming involves a business setting the price of its products higher than that of competitors especially when the business has a competitive advantage though the price usually lowers after many com petitors come in and lower their prices. Economy pricing entails keeping the production and marketing cost at a minimum.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Pricing: The Sneaker Pricing Wars (Adidas-Nike) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Penetration pricing is achieved by introducing the new products at a relatively low price to capture customers’ attention after which the prices of the commodities go up but the business still retains the customers. Premium pricing on the other hand entails charging a high price where the products involved are unique in nature thus giving the business a competitive advantage over the others (Dean, n.d). Customers Customers are a very important element in any form of business for the reason that there cannot be a business transaction in the absence of customers. They are the reason for the production of goods and services without which no business could take place. Busine sses should therefore put the consumer in mind when undertaking any process concerning goods and services from production to final sale not forgetting pricing. It is for this reason that the business should at all cost invest in determining what best suits the customers and try satisfying their needs by providing the value they require. When the customers are served well they develop loyalty towards the business and may be willing to do any good deed on it’s behave for example doing some marketing by inviting other consumers to the business. Poor or lack of satisfaction of consumers on the other hand leads to lack of trust on the company and may lead to loss of many customers (Hoek and Evans, 2005). Pricing War A price war can be defined as an unhealthy competition whereby competitors seek to increase their market share by lowering the prices of their products and services. There usually exist pricing wars whenever there is a new introduction of products in the market. This i s usually so because the products are introduced at a relatively low price and this is not received in appreciation by the existing competitors as they see the business as a threat on the grounds that it may take customers from them. This forces the other businesses offering the same product to cut down their prices hence reducing their profit margins. Another version is where a new business offers similar products and services but which posses some unique features at a price higher than the existing competitors. This will attract a large pool of customers because of the competitive advantage associated with the products and the business at large. This is perceived negatively by the other existing businesses and they may react by also raising their prices to attain much profit.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This however affects them negatively as the possibility of loosing their customers due to switching costs is too high while the possibility of the new business retaining its customers is high as the prices, though high, do not increase. Switching costs in the market leads to price wars and may subsequently lead to limitation in pricing options. Another cause of a price war is the existence of consumers who do not have a specific business from where they buy their products and services. The consumers are therefore swayed by many factors and lowering of prices by one business may attract and capture them and if well served and satisfied, they can continue to be customers to the particular business entity. Deviation of customers from the market and introduction of new customers also lead to price wars. Some customers may also feel deceived when there are switching costs as they expect that the low costs at the entry of the business will be maintained even in future and so raising of th e prices result in price wars (Klemperer, 1989). Adidas versus Nike Pricing War Nike is the world’s biggest shoe company in regard to its market share and investment on capital. Nike is involved with the manufacture and marketing of athletic shoes, casual footwear, and other sports accessories and equipment. It was founded by Phil Knight and Bill Bowerman. Adidas is the second largest in the world, after Nike. Nike and Adidas have for long led in the shoe industry because of the quality of their products, brand names, and image. There has been however war between these two companies over advertising and superstar support agreements. The war can for example be seen clearly in regard to the 2010 world cup through their sales and influence. Before the world cup, the Nike Company made better sales of soccer shoes than Adidas did. This was brought about by the influence of the advertisement by Nike which read; write the future. This influenced a lot of soccer fans and consequently increased the sales of the Nike soccer shoes. When the world cup commenced, Adidas sales went higher than the sales made by Nike. This was due to the domineering aspect of Adidas as it occupied the billboards in the football field attracting all the attention to it. Success in the sales of the soccer shoes also followed Adidas as it supported Spain which had many funs due to its good performance. Adidas and Nike compete in production of quality products. Adidas seem to be fast to meet demands of various teams especially soccer in regard to sports facilities, for example, the Major League soccer relies on Adidas for its supplies. It has gained competitive advantage because of its popularity in producing unique footwear for different sports especially soccer and most countries make use of Adidas footwear. Nike is also popular and its brand name has been known for ages in the world of sports. Its popularity has also been drawn from its support for various sports teams and athlete grou ps all over the world. Nike has particularly gained much favor accrued to its latest design of the Mercurial Vapor, which is the lightest shoe that is efficient in enhancing speed and reducing friction. There has been stiff competition between Nike and Adidas with each struggling to outdo the other. The major guiding principles are; attitude, this is the view and affiliation people feel towards either Nike or Adidas. Quality is also a contributing factor as people usually value the quality of the products they purchase. Competitive advantage is as well a key element for example Nike has been recognized for being the best in basketball shoes while Adidas is known for better football shoes though not all. Pricing is also a very critical element in determining the success of the companies. It influences the consumers in making their final decisions about purchase of various products produced by different companies. The pricing strategies adopted by the Nike and Adidas companies are a c ontributing factor towards the sales they make as price is directly dependent on demand. When one company reduces its shoes prices and still retains the quality it is likely to attract more customers than the other. This will cause pricing war between the two as the other one will be forced to lower its prices so as not to lose its customers to the other. Nike for example is expected to launch low-priced products following its defeat by Adidas in the 2010 world cup. The lowering of prices is aimed at attracting many customers toward its variety of footwear, equipment, and accessories. This will also enhance its positioning in the market. This is a form of price war and although it will attract many customers, it may lower its profitability margins. Nike also employs strong marketing strategies that helps keep its brand name and image high through gaining trust and loyalty of the consumers (Anonymous, 2010). Dealing with Price War Since price war is a negative impact especially to bu sinesses, certain strategies should be employed to curb the effects of price war. They include; anticipating the reactions of the competitors; one should asses how the competitors may react if he/ she lowers the products’ prices as this will definitely affect the sales and the profit to be made. Another step is giving some indications to the competitors that there may be price changes to alert them and make them aware of your intention in adjusting the prices. A business should also try to construct unique price structures to reduce the likelihood of consumers comparing terms (Rao, Bergen Scott, 2000). Conclusion Pricing is an important aspect in the business sector and care should be taken in making any pricing decisions. The customer should be the focus and the price should directly reflect the value accrued to the product or service provided. Price war is a phenomenon that occurs when businesses wish to increase their market share at the expense of lowering their profit m argin. It should however be avoided since it is to the disadvantage of the business as it reduces their profits though to some extent is an advantage to the consumers as they can buy products at cheaper prices. Reference List Anonymous, (2010). Heated War Between Nike Air Max 2010 And Adidas Begin From World Cup. Web. Dean, J. (n.d). Pricing Policies for New Products; Pricing Strategy. Web. Hoek, V.R., Evans, D. (2005). When Good Customers Are Bad. Harvard: Harvard business school publishing. Klemperer, P. (1989). Price wars caused by switching costs. Review of economic studies Vol. 56, 406-420. Phillips, L.R. (2005). Pricing and Revenue Optimization. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Pratt, A. (n.d). The Price Is Right (or is it?). New York: Director Publications ltd. Rao, A. R., Bergen M, E., Scott, D. (2000). How to Fight a Price War: Analyzing the Battleground. Web.

USS Yorktown (CV-5) in World War II

USS Yorktown (CV-5) in World War II USS Yorktown - Overview: Nation: United StatesType: Aircraft CarrierShipyard: Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock CompanyLaid Down: May 21, 1934Launched: April 4, 1936Commissioned: September 30, 1937Fate: Sunk June 7, 1942 USS Yorktown - Specifications: Displacement: 25,500 tonsLength: 824 ft., 9 in.Beam: 109 ft.Draft: 25 ft., 11.5 in.Propulsion: 9 Ãâ€" Babcock Wilcox boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Parsons geared turbines, 4 Ãâ€" screwsSpeed: 32.5 knotsRange: 14,400 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement: 2,217 men USS Yorktown - Armament: 8 Ãâ€" 5 in./38 cal., 4 Ãâ€" Quad 1.1 in./75 cal., 24 Ãâ€" 20mm Oerlikon guns, 24 Ãâ€" .50 caliber machine guns Aircraft 90 aircraft USS Yorktown - Construction: In the years after World War I, the US Navy began experimenting with various designs for aircraft carriers. A new type of warship, its first carrier, USS Langley (CV-1), was a converted collier that possessed a flush deck design (no island). This effort was followed by USS Lexington (CV-2) and USS Saratoga (CV-3) which were built using hulls intended for battlecruisers. Large vessels, these ships had sizable air groups and large islands. Late in the 1920s, design work commenced on the US Navys first purpose-built carrier, USS Ranger (CV-4). Though smaller than Lexington and Saratoga, Rangers more efficient use of space permitted it to carry a similar number of aircraft. As these early carriers entered service, the US Navy and the Naval War College conducted several assessments and war games through which they hoped to determine the ideal carrier design. These studies determined that speed and torpedo protection were of major importance and that a large air group was desirable as it offered greater operational flexibility. They also concluded that carriers employing islands had superior control over their air groups, were better able to clear exhaust smoke, and could better direct their defensive armament. Trials at sea also found that larger carriers were more capable of operating in difficult weather conditions than smaller vessels such as Ranger. Though the US Navy initially preferred a design displacing around 27,000 tons, due to the limitations imposed by the Washington Naval Treaty, it instead opted for one that provided the desired attributes but only weighed around 20,000 tons. Embarking an air group of approximately 90 aircraft, this design offered a top speed 32.5 knots. Laid down at the Newport News Shipbuilding Drydock Company on May 21, 1934, USS Yorktown was the lead ship of the new class and the first large purpose-built aircraft carrier constructed for the US Navy. Sponsored by First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, the carrier entered the water nearly two years later on April 4, 1936. Work on Yorktown was completed the following year and the vessel was commissioned at the nearby Norfolk Operating Base on September 20, 1937. Commanded by Captain Ernest D. McWhorter, Yorktown finished fitting out and began training exercises off Norfolk. USS Yorktown - Joining the Fleet: Departing the Chesapeake in January 1938, Yorktown steamed south to conduct its shakedown cruise in the Caribbean. Over the next several weeks it touched at Puerto Rico, Haiti, Cuba, and Panama. Returning to Norfolk, Yorktown underwent repairs and modifications to address issues that had arisen during the voyage. Made flagship of Carrier Division 2, it took part in Fleet Problem XX in February 1939. A massive war game, the exercise simulated an attack on the East Coast of the United States. In the course of the action, both Yorktown and its sister ship, USS Enterprise, performed well. After a brief refit at Norfolk, Yorktown received orders to join the Pacific Fleet. Departing in April 1939, the carrier passed through the Panama Canal before arriving at its new base in San Diego, CA. Conducting routine exercises through the remainder of the year, it took part in Fleet Problem XXI in April 1940. Conducted around Hawaii, the war game simulated a defense of the islands as well as practiced a variety of strategies and tactics which later would be used during World War II. That same month, Yorktown received new RCA CXAM radar equipment. USS Yorktown - Back to the Atlantic: With World War II already raging in Europe and the Battle of the Atlantic underway, the United States began active efforts to enforce its neutrality in the Atlantic. As a result, Yorktown was ordered back to the Atlantic Fleet in April 1941. Taking part in neutrality patrols, the carrier operated between Newfoundland and Bermuda to prevent attacks by German u-boats. After completing one of these patrols, Yorktown put into Norfolk on December 2. Remaining in port, the carriers crew learned of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor five days later. USS Yorktown - World War II Begins: Having received new Oerlikon 20 mm anti-aircraft guns, Yorktown sailed for the Pacific on December 16. Reaching San Diego at the end of the month, the carrier became the flagship of Rear Admiral Frank J. Fletchers Task Force 17 (TF17). Departing on January 6, 1942, TF17 escorted a convoy of Marines to reinforce American Samoa. Completing this task, it united with Vice Admiral William Halseys TF8 (USS Enterprise) for strikes against the Marshall and Gilbert Islands. Nearing the target area, Yorktown launched mix of F4F Wildcat fighters, SBD Dauntless dive bombers, and TBD Devastator torpedo bombers on February 1. Striking targets on Jaluit, Makin, and Mili, Yorktowns aircraft inflicted some damage but were hampered by poor weather. Completing this mission, the carrier returned to Pearl Harbor for replenishment. Putting back to sea later in February, Fletcher had orders to take TF17 to the Coral Sea to operate in conjunction with Vice Admiral Wilson Browns TF11 (Lexington). Though initially tasked with striking Japanese shipping at Rabaul, Brown redirected the carriers efforts to Salamaua-Lae, New Guinea after enemy landings in that area. US aircraft hit targets in the region on March 10. USS Yorktown - Battle of the Coral Sea: In the wake of this raid, Yorktown remained in the Coral Sea until April when it withdrew to Tonga to resupply. Departing late in month, it rejoined Lexington after the commander-in-chief of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral Chester Nimitz obtained intelligence regarding a Japanese advance against Port Moresby. Entering the area, Yorktown and Lexington took part in the Battle of the Coral Sea on May 4-8. In the course of the fighting, American aircraft sank the light carrier Shoho and badly damaged the carrier Shokaku. In exchange, Lexington was lost after being hit by a mix of bombs and torpedoes. As Lexington was under attack, Yorktowns skipper, Captain Elliot Buckmaster, was able to evade eight Japanese torpedoes but saw his ship take a severe bomb hit. Returning to Pearl Harbor, it was estimated that it would take three months to fully repair the damage. Due to new intelligence which indicated that Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto intended to attack Midway in early June, Nimitz directed that only emergency repairs be made in order the return Yorktown to sea as quickly as possible. As a result, Fletcher departed Pearl Harbor on May 30, only three days after arriving. USS Yorktown - Battle of Midway: Coordinating with Rear Admiral Raymond Spruances TF16 (USS Enterprise USS Hornet), TF17 took part in the pivotal Battle of Midway on June 4-7. On June 4, Yorktowns aircraft sank the Japanese carrier Soryu while other American aircraft destroyed the carriers Kaga and Akagi. Later in the day, the sole remaining Japanese carrier, Hiryu, launched its aircraft. Locating Yorktown, they scored three bomb hits, one of which caused damage to the ships boilers slowing it to six knots. Quickly moving to contain fires and repair damage, the crew restored Yorktowns power and got the ship underway. Around two hours after the first attack, torpedo planes from Hiryu hit Yorktown with torpedoes. Wounded, Yorktown lost power and began listing to port. Though damage control parties were able to put out the fires, they could not halt the flooding. With Yorktown in danger of capsizing, Buckmaster ordered his men to abandon ship. A resilient vessel, Yorktown remained afloat through the night and the next day efforts began to salvage the carrier. Taken under tow by USS Vireo, Yorktown was further aided by the destroyer USS Hammann which came alongside to provide power and pumps. The salvage efforts began to show progress through the day as the carriers list was decreased. Unfortunately, as work continued, the Japanese submarine I-168 slipped through Yorktowns escorts and fired four torpedoes around 3:36 PM. Two struck Yorktown while another hit and sank Hammann. After chasing off the submarine and collecting survivors, American forces determined that Yorktown could not be saved. At 7:01 AM on June 7, the carrier capsized and sank. Selected Sources DANFS: USS Yorktown (CV-5)NHHC: USS YorktownThe Fighting Yorktown

Criminology Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Criminology Theory - Essay Example It helps in explaining that if the child will be constantly in contact with the parents who are practicing anti-social behaviors such as drug abuse and domestic violent, the likelihood of the child developing similar behaviors is quite high. The learning of deviant activities by children due to their contact with their environment is regarded as differential association and the theory was first proposed by Edwin H. Sutherland (Siegel 238). The theorist proposed that criminal behavior is developed by individuals because they learn those behaviors and learning occurs primarily through interaction of an individual with others such as peers as well as family members. The theory even helps in explaining why a change in the environment of the child is required as proposed by the social worker. The theory helps in explaining that if the child is brought up in a social environment where anti social behavior is not promoted, the child will negative perception towards anti-social behaviors and will not indulge in such behaviors.Implications Of Theory For Public Policy  The social learning theory provides enough insight regarding the shaping of policy that focuses on finding foster homes for children and that focuses on reducing crime and future criminals. The theory states that individuals learn criminal behavior and they continue to accept and even copy those behaviors as result of constant contact with a environment that promotes deviant behavior. If the findings of the social learning theory are true.